<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="657" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://shoalsblackhistory.omeka.net/items/show/657?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-10-13T02:23:51-04:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="1284">
      <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/36745/archive/files/021ab31ec06db81399eb6bfce675bc9d.jpg?Expires=1792627200&amp;Signature=O4LaAnVBj8q3jVoFPFhGVad0aF2mw%7E7iBQKB6Agyyysl46uPYdcJsN%7E5qz1bXGg5ZU6p6AiHnKMDTeFWa5ulm2Ik3DSseNAEOPDIFWQjA4Frzo74WWqh8mRyy5Mmt6lbCBCEPEkn0ZvjP%7E-52xPXV19OokSSg95Q5gBmx2GiFhcikafTVIeEBeb9NHQHPzUPi%7Ej9582KjNioRO2YCRnMKgk%7E0I0UCOTOhGpykrSbFE3-UxQG540D%7EaryYUEvnFam0XGXyg7uSOWcaCa1tP-oetRWEL3MX7Ibqj65WhJl2A4uCYIdvpssEqU8x14gJp6X2dFfiDk1v%7EI4vbiMWXgunA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
      <authentication>ad7caf54ab83c1e96b15f56f0c627b5c</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="1285">
      <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/36745/archive/files/769fc0eca8177c8c691ebe2afb042cd0.jpg?Expires=1792627200&amp;Signature=nXbFYj5YYSHHP%7EjQXB8btnLqW6D7QzAO2vD9MUlJp-JQPVk4RhF4LM0taWGPES2ScXYp%7ExrhulPv9rdBwS0AbNfRhBS%7EjT-jdiJBOX4ISAej30Np8yBdwh-Zq26raMcnkLheW6UeR2uF9m0ziK3m5bXjjxw0AyKFF9tMTxje%7EM4hJ7N4IIyBnXZJ4jMA9Kb%7EPMZ4oSguexeVB65c5zz--6-NzvrQqZLpgSNthw1pVs2s7qu28L2mIYzVIY6nSBXMQv6VtLcFkSfbXwYm9xWOQd9uZ%7EpXe%7EbcPuNUasvnQtcCJozlld6VzfzVCdiDcp2tMYVx2zm4ONab5IRyz57C9w__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
      <authentication>b6befef945c19dc11c2e5c1e87d73a69</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="1288">
      <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/36745/archive/files/3ca9fc46cbdd88878aa792dd867fa639.jpg?Expires=1792627200&amp;Signature=TUJ2rvh3ZKhY-C5WkUJwySiDdNJxRHt3Ub7T38FHNbcpdl%7EJvD%7EPzPf52NmVEWjjeoYDoOl0ipv977MnaKYBaJ9D0Z-DHXerp7GPehTIogaelxNgjZSZhRAH67m7xUM5CBoDszztJ%7E6lEsM0fN3%7EjdPO0YHOJs05g1pXkkjIl4yTZ2%7EZFDIdD8qXKp0NBAy9bMyrY7VuKfU2zxT0AU7zC-ydejP6FSaV1awm4IpGNS21XFWXRGFCSUooh2CmuTi86oHToLvEIFrEg%7EqDPW1nTJ2anxVUVgQ%7EG7X1UdccnEfx11loypYim-vMpHeOUuH5gM6bGQT4qcvD9AoiSHoAUA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
      <authentication>98bee5da717ccdb6f03821b93a97df7a</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="1289">
      <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/36745/archive/files/53fa72222fe1e8bd2177ed7a2b691cbc.jpg?Expires=1792627200&amp;Signature=NXbhY2D8h6ppl8cWnFp9WMP%7EcE43KyQkcBi7VQ-LGw9eK3%7ECdEX6aPYLGrkFPwJjPc%7EvQX0roEVkh4j4mpobzVntC2TpkHJLnBIOpH4LZ%7ECIqsAzayZhG3ZyaekT4hTM1d8f8VzaYTBzKgVkyIQpOnSi1k7-VI9mGo5M14VMgRzCVLgG8m530OdVP3qIWu05ajFbDzgpT2WzeZCt0MJ24YQSLaEIfR26aYHu2v5d6zaAAmzAJxs8sav65Z41a8kqaS-pOw2iPtJI07vhom03DXJPRKMIclkP5RwHBDNo3FLqVpXFfgTi0r6DXJA%7EuQQ9MXmfSUnjq7bXMLgdGgyD%7Eg__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
      <authentication>3503aae940162368faa60cfb279f1ae9</authentication>
    </file>
    <file fileId="1290">
      <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/36745/archive/files/e5dc47306c7bd2545e30e4cf2d98892f.jpg?Expires=1792627200&amp;Signature=GnBIcZNOd1PswHFz1lWzLFtWRwtX-arVO3j0-4kGc%7E0z-LNJNEqmKWbbTZy9gQIvv0svhqCx%7E8bShsDiRi4vNka%7EMihMVNiHX-AL3T2FJP69mX0Iw8XDliRhUh5K6YdIr5FxNDleg4ppR0UEhKrOUNZHaJ34wVcrzFrZerLzNSeLsOZSiZB6w-XesWd4mQS3e3n5ObAheZnNlA01IyJ3g-OAT1pw6FJTCwWQBXfqVLFRTezPmBQwHHAPv4COTfcuRzwwSTSWRgXxzxZDxKsJ601hUwN3zgGMFB9Dk4arTcx%7ETCuSWX9APuybguNPZZjcP0gkw4Xa06tlgGZSErKqYQ__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
      <authentication>40c6e09e64822c568ba843ba37c05649</authentication>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="3">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="72">
                <text>School</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="73">
                <text>School and Education</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="74">
                <text>This collection holds the database of information pertaining to school and education, including photographs, oral histories, written histories, and yearbooks.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <itemType itemTypeId="6">
    <name>Still Image</name>
    <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
    <elementContainer>
      <element elementId="7">
        <name>Original Format</name>
        <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="8429">
            <text>Newspaper </text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
    </elementContainer>
  </itemType>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8415">
              <text>"The Colored Grammar School"</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8416">
              <text>School; Community </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8417">
              <text>These are articles relating to the grammar school for African Americans in Florence in 1869. Florence historian Lee Freeman notes, "I'm not sure but I think the Freedmen's Public School by 1869 had become the Florence Colored Grammar School. By 1869 it was being taught by noted black educator JR Ballard (1845-1902)."</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8439">
              <text>(3,4,5) "A Teacher's Monthly Report" by Professor Jacob Reed Ballard. Florence historian Lee Freeman notes: "In his report for the month of October, 1869, Ballard, a noted black educator, notes that in this Presbyterian Missionary school he has 13 teachers instructing 205 enrolled students, with 107 students in the month of October, 47 males and 60 females, with an average attendance of 60, and 55 students who are "always present." 21 of his pupils were over 16 years, 40 could spell and read, while 10 were still on their alphabet. 14 students were studying geography and 29 were working on arithmetic, and 97 were writing."</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8418">
              <text>(1,2) Lindsey, David R. (1821-1898)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8440">
              <text>(3,4,5) Ballard, Jacob Reed (1845-1902)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8419">
              <text>Florence Journal</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8420">
              <text>Florence Journal</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8421">
              <text>1869 (1)&#13;
1869-10-28 (2)&#13;
1869 (3,4,5)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8422">
              <text>Lee Freeman</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8423">
              <text>Images are available for educational and research purposes. This image may not be reproduced for commercial purposes without the express written consent of the copyright holder. It is the responsibility of the interested party to identify the copyright holder and receive permission.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="46">
          <name>Relation</name>
          <description>A related resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8424">
              <text>366</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8425">
              <text>JPG</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="44">
          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8426">
              <text>English</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8427">
              <text>Still Image </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="8428">
              <text>The_Colored_Grammar_School.jpg (1)&#13;
The_Colored_School.jpg (2)</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="8441">
              <text>School_Report_p_1.jpg (3)&#13;
School_Report_p_2.jpg (4)&#13;
School_Report_p_3.jpg (5)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
</item>
